What is a potential complication resulting from untreated atrial fibrillation?

Atrial fibrillation is characterized by an irregular and often rapid heart rate, which can lead to several complications if left untreated. One of the most significant risks associated with untreated atrial fibrillation is the formation of blood clots, particularly in the left atrial appendage. The chaotic electrical activity and ineffective contractions of the atria create areas of stagnant blood flow, increasing the likelihood of clot formation.

If a clot dislodges, it can travel through the bloodstream, leading to an embolism. If the embolism reaches the brain, it can result in a stroke, which is a major, potentially life-threatening complication. This is why anticoagulation therapy is often necessary in patients with atrial fibrillation to reduce the risk of stroke.

Understanding this key aspect of atrial fibrillation helps highlight the importance of timely intervention and management of the condition to prevent serious outcomes like stroke. Monitoring and addressing the risk factors for clots is a crucial part of managing patients with this arrhythmia.